In chronic AD, Th1 cells and Th1-related cytokine IFN-γ contribute to dermal thickening in the AD mouse model (Spergel et al., 1999), so depressed Th1 activation by PEW leads to a significant decrease in the dermal thickness of AD mice [Figures 3A(a), C]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is Alzheimer disease.