CD274 and cancer: By antagonising the immune-suppressive interaction between PD-1, a T-cell co-inhibitory receptor, and its ligand PD-L1, therapeutic antibodies against this pathway can restore an efficacious anti-tumour immune response, manifest as durable clinical responses in a proportion of patients affected by several cancers such as melanoma, non-small-cell-lung cancer, ovarian cancer and renal cell carcinomas (165).