INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: When the model was adjusted for age, gender, BMI, INS, GLU, ALT, GGT, and ALP, a significant protective effect was found between a high level of 25(OH)D3 (>20 ng/mL) and NAFLD (OR=0.019, 95% CI: 0.001–0.619, P trend<0.001) (Table 5).