When investigating sub-phenotypes of T2DM, diabetic retinopathy has been identified to be associated with ACVRIC (rs4664229), ZFHX4 (rs61729527), WNT9B (rs4968281), SHANK3 (rs9616915), ZSCAN5A (rs7252603), and DCP1B (rs715146, rs1044950, rs113147414) gene. The gene discussed is ZSCAN5A; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.