These variables included the type of acute leukemia, demographic characteristics (sex, age, location of residence, and family history of leukemia), symptoms (bleeding, anemia, leukostasis, TLS, and DIC), initial detection of PWBC count, platelet count, hemoglobin, blood biochemistry (ALT, AST, TBil, BUN, creatinine, troponin-I, and CK-MB), electrolytes (K+, Na+, and Ca2+), coagulation (PT and APTT), and cooperative treatment (whether or not antibiotics were used). Here, GPT is linked to anemia (phenotype).