CD274 and neoplasm: As shown in Fig. 6b, c, the tumor growth inhibition rate of NPTyr-αPD-L1 group (64.2%) was higher than that of anti-PD-L1 group (58.0%), and the final tumor weights of NPTyr-αPD-L1 group were lower than that of anti-PD-L1 group, indicating that specifically expressing αPD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment using our nanomedicine induced superior efficacy as opposed to systemic injection of anti-PD-L1 antibody.