TGF-β pathway is critically involved in interstitial fibrosis progression and it accelerates the onset and progression of glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial and cardiomyocytes fibrosis via differentiation of myofibroblast and ECM deposit, resulting in accelerated collagen and α-SMA accumulation27,38. This evidence concerns the gene ACTA1 and glomerulosclerosis.