Previous studies have proved that M2 macrophages can mediate renal fibrosis by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1 [60–62], as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoting angiogenesis [63], or the transition of monocyte/macrophage to myofibroblast [64]. Here, VEGFA is linked to renal fibrosis.