Abnormal activation of GLI1 is the crucial process of Hedgehog/GLI signaling, which has multiple etiological roles in the initiation and progression of a variety of tumors by regulating their critical oncogenic traits such as cell proliferation, metastasis, and cancer stem-like cells fate.[30] SOX9 is a member of the SOX family of transcription factors. The gene discussed is SOX9; the disease is cancer.