MGMT and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): In certain tumor patients with MGMT promoter methylation or with reduced MGMT gene expression, such as malignant astrocytoma, glioma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, alkylating chemotherapy drugs can improve their survival rate.[25] This provides guidance for the use of new alkylating agents for HNC patients with MGMT promoter hypermethylation or MGMT protein deletion but with functional Mismatch Repair.