IL6 and rheumatic heart disease: For example, inhibition of miR-155-5p could reduce the level of IL-6 in heart valves and serum in RHD patients and reduce valve inflammation and fibrosis induced by RHD.[21,22] Previous studies have demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of miR-145,[23] such as the downregulation of miR-145-5p expression in left and right atrial appendages in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease.[8] A correlation between miR-145 and IL-6 was also reported.