These results demonstrate that while NETs may contribute to pathology in both COVID-19(+) TV and COVID-19(-) PU groups, mechanisms of NET induction (PADI2 vs. PADI4) and neutrophil subsets that potentially contribute to disease pathology (immature vs. mature neutrophil subsets) differ, possibly due to local SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, PADI4 is linked to COVID-19.