Voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels, specifically Cav1.3, play a key role in the pathophysiology of cardiac arrhythmias in the presence of autoimmune antibodies such as anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB (Qu et al., 2019; Lazzerini et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene SSB and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.