The results showed upregulated expression of HDC, significantly downregulated expression of SMPDL3A, IRF4, AQP3, and significantly higher risk scores in CML samples compared to normal samples (Fig. 7A, B), and ROC curve analysis also confirmed the high diagnostic efficiency of the risk score (Fig. 7C), which were all consistent with the analysis of GSE13159 and GSE144119 cohorts. This evidence concerns the gene SMPDL3A and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.