To date, mutations in 13 genes have been associated with autosomal dominant (FTL), autosomal recessive (ATP13A2, PANK2, PLA2G6, FA2H, CP, C19orf12, COASY, GTPBP2, DCAF17, VAC14) and X-linked forms of NBIA (WDR45, RAB39B), and are involved in a wide range of molecular processes affecting mitochondrial function, coenzyme A metabolism, lipid metabolism and autophagy9. Here, C19orf12 is linked to neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation.