Previous studies have shown that OTUB1 plays a crucial role in cancer initiation, DNA damage response, and human diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, kidney diseases, and pulmonary fibrosis.9,12,17,38,39 Our study demonstrated that Otub1 deficiency leads to delayed bone formation and abnormal osteogenesis in neonates. This evidence concerns the gene OTUB1 and pulmonary fibrosis.