NPPA and stroke disorder: Another cardiac biomarker, Midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), which is a fragment of the prohormone to ANP was shown to be independently associated with NDAF in the CoRisk study44 and externally validated in a separate cohort (in the exact time frame since stroke symptom onset and using same assay methodology) within the BIOSIGNAL study.