TNFSF10 and neoplasm: OMVs of transgenic pDNA‐TRAIL (a pro‐apoptotic gene) Escherichia coli modified with an integrin αvβ3 peptide targeting ligand and indocyanine green (designated IP‐OMVs) acted as combo punch to treat cutaneous melanoma.[39] With the assistance of near‐infrared irritation, it can not only arouse photothermal–photodynamic responses against primary melanoma but also activates TRAIL‐related apoptosis in disseminated tumor cells, leading to a complete eradication of the tumor.