A CSF study in patients with migraine and tension-type headache found that IL-1ra, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), and TGF-β1 were higher in the CSF of patients with both episodic tension-type headache and migraine without aura, compared to controls [78]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to Tension-type headache.