Proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and pro-fibrotic genes in lung tissue were downregulated by 50 mg/kg BGT-004 (Fig. 5k, l), the reducing effect was similar to the PFD (pirfenidone, 300 mg/kg, b.i.d), a drug used to treat lung fibrosis. Here, TNF is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.