Additionally, 244 sEV proteins common to sEVs from all three GBM cell lines were identified as surface proteins upon comparison with EV surfaceome recently reported by Rai et al. [43], including adhesion-related proteins (ITGA3, ITGA5, ITGA6, ITGAV, ITGB1, NPTN), cytoskeletal proteins (ACTR2, ACTR3, CFL1) and growth factors (e.g. EGF), known to be involved in cancer cell growth and invasion (Fig. 2E). Here, ACTR3 is linked to cancer.