Pooling data from 25 cohort studies demonstrated that atrial cardiomyopathy markers, including electrophysiological markers (PTFV1, P-wave area), LA size parameters (LA diameter), LA function parameters (LA reservoir strain) and serum biomarkers (NT-proBNP), were all significantly associated with increased ischemic stroke risk. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is ischemic stroke.