NFKB1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: In addition, based on the fact that the positive correlation between hsa-miR19-3p and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation simultaneously exists in the LC tissues of LC patients with or without COPD, we verified that NF-κB can bind to the hsa-miR19-3p promoter and positively regulate its transcription through luciferase and CHIP experiments.