In addition, M2 macrophages produce IL-1β, which plays a vital role in the phosphorylation of the glycolytic enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) at threonine 10 (GPD2 pT10) through phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-mediated activation of protein kinase-delta (PKCδ) in glioma cells. This evidence concerns the gene GPD2 and central nervous system cancer.