NOS exists in 3 isoforms: a) neuronal NOS (nNOS) produced by neurons and its role in trauma/seizure-induced response can be transient (Cosgrave et al., 2008; Beamer et al., 2012), (b) endothelial NOS (eNOS) expressed mainly by the endothelial cells, and (c) inducible NOS (iNOS) produced in immune cells, astrocytes, microglia, and also neurons as a biproduct of inflammation in response to infection or trauma. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is infection.