We discovered that EMP1 (epithelial membrane protein 1) is significantly activated not only in CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride)-treated mice liver, but also in BDL (bile duct ligation)-induced mice liver fibrosis and even in human fibrotic liver tissues such as alcoholic hepatitis, NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), and also liver with advanced stage disease. The gene discussed is EMP1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.