While the role of IL-17 and IL-23 remains elusive, these results support the use of monoclonal antibodies against IL-17 (e.g., secukinumab, ixekizumab) and IL-23 (e.g., guselkumab, risankizumab, and ustekinumab) which are currently used in spondyloarthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease for RA-ILD despite being proven ineffective on the articular manifestations of RA (122, 123). Here, IL17A is linked to interstitial lung disease.