Massive inflammatory factors or mediators, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Nerve growth factor (NGF), bradykinin and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15), chemokines (CCL5), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a), and extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are secreted by various immune cells following interaction with tumor cells. Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.