It was discovered that CAFs from hepatocellular carcinoma impact T cell development and function, as well as the patient’s overall longevity, by enticing monocytes to the TME by releasing CXCL12 and driving them to transform into MDSCs by activating STAT3 through IL-6 (Deng et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and hepatocellular carcinoma.