EDN1 and Hypertension: In addition, studies on cells derived from renal cysts, renal mesangium, and from the muscular layer of renal arteries have shown increased synthesis of endothelin 1 and over-expression of the Endothelin Receptor Subtype A in ADPKD, contributing to the development of arterial hypertension and gradual loss of kidney function (Hocher et al., 1998; Krishnappa et al., 2017).