TNF and infection: Compared to the uninfected neutrophil-epithelial co-cultures, co-culture infection resulted in a significant increase in the apical secretion of IFNγ, IL-6 (both p<0.0001) IL1-β and IL-10 (both p<0.05) and in the basolateral secretion of IFNγ, IL-10 (both p<-.001), IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6 and TNFα (all p<0.0001) (Figure 1B).