Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying erythropoiesis, which not only has general implications in regeneration medicine of anemia and related diseases, but also provides evidence that genes eaf1 and eaf2 are important molecules in modulating fish economic or productive traits, such as growth, disease resistance, hypoxia tolerance, and so on (Gui et al. 2021; Kafina and Paw 2018; Patton et al. 2021; Zhang et al. 2021). This evidence concerns the gene EAF1 and anemia (phenotype).