PTPN11 and acute myeloid leukemia: Among the signaling pathways, alterations in RAS/MAPK (NRAS/KRAS/PTPN11/CBL/NF1/BRAF) (44 vs. 24%, P = 0.0001 by Fisher’s exact test) and JAK/STAT (JAK2/JAK3/STAT3) (10 vs. 1%, P = 0.0002 by Fisher’s exact test) cascades were more prevalent in our pediatric than the TCGA-adult AML cases.