Unexpectedly, SMAD3 phosphorylation was negatively correlated with the percentage of N1 cells in total CD16b+ TANs but did not correlate with the percentage of N2 TANs in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in our patient cohort (n = 72, Fig. 1E, F and Supplementary Table 1). Here, SMAD3 is linked to lung adenocarcinoma.