By using the expression pattern of signature genes identifying the N1 state (Tnf, Fas), the N2 state (Arg1, Ccl2), and immature neutrophils (Stmn1, Ube2c), pseudotime analysis confirmed the developmental direction of TANs with N2 as an early state of TANs in the lung cancer TME. Here, CCL2 is linked to lung carcinoma.