Another study [136] collected paired tissue specimens and blood specimens from 51 patients with advanced NSCLC to examine the dynamic changes in the expression of PD-L1 in blood after 2 months of treatment with ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC, including changes in PD-L1 mRNA, exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1) protein, and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.