To focus stakeholder discussions, we used the exemplar of the pathway for the early detection of Barrett's Oesophagus (BE) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, for which Gehrung et al. have developed a “semi-automated”, deep-learning system to analyse samples from the CytospongeTM-TFF3 test (a minimally invasive alternative to endoscopy) (9). This evidence concerns the gene TFF3 and esophageal adenocarcinoma.