ADAR and lupus erythematosus: ADAR2 is associated with a variety of tumors, inflammation, lupus erythematosus, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and other diseases (Mannion et al., 2015), whereas ADAR1 expression levels and site-specific editing levels may function as prognostic biomarkers for certain cancer types, because they have a strong correlation with cancer patients’ OS (Han et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2022).