Consistent with these data, the expression levels of Anp, Bnp, Myh7, Col3a1 (collagen type III alpha 1), Col1a1 (collagen type I alpha 1), and Ctgf (connective tissue growth factor) were also notably downregulated in luteolin-treated TAC mice compared to the vehicle group (Figures 4E–G). Here, NPPA is linked to persistent truncus arteriosus.