The cytoplasmic level of protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3 (PDIA3) was increased in HCC tissues, and it could raise dyskerin pseudouridine synthase 1 (DKC1) expression to promote HCC progression and reduce HCC associated recurrence-free survival rates (Ko et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene PDIA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.