In contrast, immunohistochemical analysis of 10 refractory epilepsy tissues and 10 lower-grade gliomas (WHO grade II-III) tissues showed that lower-grade gliomas did not significantly increase in EIF4E2 and NCBP1 protein expression, while EIF4E, EIF4E3, and NCBP2 were increased. Here, NCBP2 is linked to epilepsy.