GAPDH and cancer: Other studies have shown that phosphorylation of GAPDH by PRKCD inhibits the turnover (mitophagy) of mitochondria [49]; thus, erlotinib-induced reduction in phosphorylation of GAPDH may lead to up regulation of mitophagy, which is a feature of cancer cells that are undergoing metabolic stress from their nutrient poor environment and/or the effects of anti-cancer treatments [50].