ISM1 and spinal cord disorder: These results suggest that ISM1 is closely associated with the hematopoietic function (Fig. 1) In addition, recent studies have shown that gene enrichment analysis of ISM1 is associated with TGF-β signaling, which has an important role in embryonic development, hematopoiesis, and spinal cord disease (Bataller et al. 2019; Wu et al. 2021).