Increased lung compliance and improved lung functionality are seen in fetal rabbit and lamb models of chorioamnionitis (112, 113), as well as after intra-amniotic injection with IL-1α (114).In murine models, BPD is precipitated by a rise in pulmonary inflammation, and IL-1β plays a key role in its pathogenesis (115–118). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is chorioamnionitis.