With respect to the ASK-12 subscales, adults with type 1 diabetes reported more optimal medication intake behavior than adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (7.2 ± 2.6 vs. 7.5 ± 2.9 resp., p=0.022, Cohen’s d=0.11) and than adults with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (7.2 ± 2.6 vs. 7.7 ± 2.8 resp., p=<0,001, Cohen’s d=0.19). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.