In patients with MOGNR at onset of the disease, we recently found a higher Th17 response to rh-MOG than in patients with MOGR.12 Th17 has been associated with demyelinating diseases in children and adults during inflammatory events,42,43 in particular in children with MOGAD.13 In addition, Th17-related cytokines G-CSF and IL-6 levels are increased in MOGAD,13 and IL-6 levels in CSF correlate with MOG antibody levels in paediatric patients with monophasic acquired demyelination syndromes.36 At 6 months, the levels of NfL in MOGNR are higher than that in MOGR. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and demyelinating disease.