To explain MOG autoimmunity, it was suggested that a direct infection of the brain could induce leakage of CNS antigens in the periphery, inducing a secondary peripheral immune reaction against MOG49,50 or alternatively that a peripheral infection would stimulate MOG antibody production via molecular mimicry.49,51 In non-relapsing form of the disease, MOG Abs are likely to be generated secondarily to neural lesions, whereas in relapsing forms, MOG Abs are thought to be directly involved in neural lesions. This evidence concerns the gene MOG and Autoimmunity.