Higher levels of TNFSF4 were likewise detected in breast and bladder carcinoma as well as in serum and tumor tissues of lung adenocarcinoma patients, and it has been shown that stress-induced induction of TNFSF4 in cancer-associated fibroblasts alleviates the resistance of lung adenocarcinomas against chemotherapeutics by inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis [65–67]. Here, TNFSF4 is linked to cancer.