Another recent study from Kathamuthu GR et al., (47) has shown that TB purified protein derivative (PPD) and whole cell lysate (WCL) specific NK and iNKT cells expressing Type 1 (IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-2), Type 17 [(IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22) cytokines, and cytotoxic markers (perforin and granzyme B) were significantly reduced in LTBI DM individuals compared to LTBI individuals (47). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is tuberculosis.