Several other proinflammatory cytokines are believed to contribute to DKD, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) [45,46,47,48,49], interleukin 6 (IL-6) [50], interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) [51,52] and interleukin 17 (IL-17) [53]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetic kidney disease.