Dracocephalum moldavica (L.)is a rich source of tilianin, and investigations on tilianin have shown its anti-apoptotic, anti-neurodegenerative, and antioxidant benefits, as well as improved cognitive impairment, which were attributed to restoration of ERK1/2 and CREB signaling and impeding JNK-, MAPK-, p38-, and NF-κB-related inflammatory responses in rats with vascular dementia [73]. This evidence concerns the gene CREB1 and vascular dementia.