JAK2 and pemphigus foliaceus: Specifically, in preclinical murine models of PH associated with PF, PH and vascular remodeling have been improved by inhibition of JAK2/SMAD3, a known regulator of endothelial cell injury, and ERK 1/2 signaling through sildenafil treatment and direct inhibition of JAK2 or interleukin-11 (IL-11) [120,121,122].